The matrix of possibilities for STATE and MODE is:
STATE = 'NEW', then MODE = 'WRITE' is ok and MODE = 'READ' if forbidden.
STATE = 'OLD' then MODE = 'WRITE' is ok and MODE = 'READ' is ok.
Notes:
If a catalogue already exists and an attempt is made to open
it with STATE = 'NEW', CAT_TOPEN will fail with an error.
If an existing catalogue is opened with STATE = 'OLD' and
MODE = 'WRITE' it will be overwritten.
CAT [1ex